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"Today, I have decided to step down from the Samsung group chairmanship," Lee Kun-Hee (66) told a nationally televised press conference.
Special prosecutors charged him last Thursday after a three-month probe into corruption allegations against the multinational.
They cleared Lee of bribery and said he would remain free pending trial.
Lee's resignation came in a dramatic and unscheduled announcement at a press conference called to unveil reforms to the group.
The group said in a statement that the chairperson would resign all his posts with Samsung.
Samsung would dismantle its powerful strategic planning office, a group of some 90 officials who have been accused of helping the chairperson manage his hidden assets and transfer control of management to his son Jae-Yong.
Jae-Yong would step down as a chief customer officer of Samsung Electronics and work on overseas operations "in a tough environment," the statement added.
AFP